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全面分析乳猪拉稀的十三大原因

来源: 赤峰和美嘉科技有限公司  点击: 发布时间:2015-8-8

      小猪下痢是一个常碰到的另人困扰的问题,特别是在出生一周之内的仔猪,只要稍一疏忽或是有点风吹草动,小猪下痢的现象就接踵而至,增大了工作上的负担及用药的成本。

  1. 病原感染

  疾病是造成目前仔猪下痢问题的最主要原因,如大肠杆菌、梭菌、沙门氏菌、轮状病毒、猪瘟病毒、流感病毒、传染性胃肠炎病毒(TGE),皆是常见的病原。适当的用药,加强消毒及管理、母猪实施预防注射,仔猪补充电解质及维生素,都是有效的防治方式。

  2. 贼风

  分娩舍内特别是刚出生的仔猪,分娩舍内绝不可有贼风,否则仔猪一旦受寒,下痢的情形便马上出现,因此一些挡风的设施对仔猪而言是必需的。

  3. 保温的温度

  仔猪对冷相当敏感,因此保温更显得重要,室内温度是否足够,保温灯是否放对地方,地板的型式及是否使用垫褥,都会直接影响保温的效果。

  4. 温度的变化

  日夜的温差太大,也会造成仔猪下痢,舍内温差应不要超过2℃,小猪的保温休息区,应不要超过l℃。

  5. 湿气(湿度)

  分娩床面必须24小时皆永远保持温暖干燥,尤其是仔猪的保温休息区。

  6. 初乳采食量

  仔猪在出生后6小时内一定要吃到足量的初乳,以获得足够抗体的保护,同时初乳中含有高量的乳脂,可提供小猪能量所需。

  7. 饮水

  饮水对小猪来说相当重要,饮水温度太低或饮水不卫生,都会促使小猪下痢。

  8. 母猪缺乳或发生乳房炎

  母猪一旦缺乳或有乳房炎发生,则仔猪因无法采食足量得母乳而饥饿寒冷,往往会增加病原菌感染小猪的机会造成下痢。

  9. 弱小仔猪

  弱小仔猪的乳头竞争力比其他正常仔猪要来得差,因此必须更加费心照顾,使其能采食足量的母乳或代母乳以增强体力,并减少应激。否则一旦弱小仔猪下痢生病,对同窝的其它健康仔猪而言,它就是一个病菌的带原传播者。

  10. 仔猪的照顾

  仔猪从出生至哺乳期间,必须进行铁剂注射、剪齿、剪脐带、阉割等动作,对仔猪而言,这虽是必要的工作但却又会增加应激,因此细心的照顾,避免仔猪受到病原侵袭是减少下痢的重要关键。

  11. 卫生管理

  一只下痢生病的仔猪,很容易由操作人员的手,靴子或注射针头将病原传染给健康的仔猪,因此凡是使用过的器材设备,一定要经过适当的清洗和消毒,才能再做下一次的使用。操作时切记要先处理健康的仔猪再处理下痢的仔猪。

  12. 母猪的防疫

  利用疫苗在母猪分娩前2—4周进行注射,使母猪产生抗体,再经由初乳传给仔猪,提高仔猪的抵抗能力,可有效减少下痢的发生。

  13. 分娩床的清洗和消毒

  分娩床常是病原残留滋生的地方,特别是前一次使用时仔猪有下痢的情形发生时,在下一批母猪进入分娩舍前,必须更加做好清洁和消毒的工作,否则仔猪下痢的困扰将永远持续不断的发生。




The English version

Piglet diarrhea is a frequently encountered problems beset the other people, especially in piglets born within a week, as long as the slightest negligence or a bit of trouble, the phenomenon of piglets diarrhea is followed, increased the burden on the work and the cost of the medicine.

1. The pathogen infection

Disease is the main cause of the current problem of piglet diarrhea, such as escherichia coli, clostridium, salmonella, rotavirus gastroenteritis, swine fever virus, the influenza virus, infectious virus (TGE), is a common pathogen. Appropriate medication, in order to strengthen the management of disinfection and, the sow implement preventive injection, piglet electrolytes and vitamin, is effective way of prevention and control.

2. The evil wind

Childbirth, particularly newborn piglets and inner delivery must not have evil wind, otherwise once the piglet cold, diarrhea situation will appear, so some wind facilities are necessary for piglets.

3. The temperature of the heat preservation

Piglet is quite sensitive to cold, heat preservation is more important, therefore, indoor temperature, enough heat lamp is put on local, floor type and whether to use bedding, will directly affect the effect of heat preservation.

4. The change in temperature

Day and night temperature difference is too big, can also cause diarrhea piglets, inner temperature difference should be not more than 2 ℃, rest area, heat preservation of the pig should be not more than l ℃.

5. Moisture (humidity)

Bed surface of delivery must be 24 hours are always keep warm and dry, especially the heat preservation of the piglets rest area.

6. Colostrum intake

Piglets within 6 hours after birth must eat plenty of colostrum, in order to obtain enough antibodies to protect, colostrum contains high amount of cream at the same time, can provide the pig energy needs.

7. Water

Water is quite important for pigs, water temperature is too low or drinking water health, cause diarrhea in young pigs.

8. The sow milk or mastitis

Sow once the lack of milk or have mastitis, the piglet feed could not be enough breast milk and the cold and hunger tend to increase the chances of pathogen infection pig cause diarrhea.

9. Weak piglets

Weak piglets nipple competitiveness than other normal piglets more bad, so must be more bother to take care of, make its can feed intake enough breast milk or generation to enhance physical strength, and to reduce stress. Otherwise once tiny piglet diarrheal illness, and for other health piglets with nest, it is a bug with the original communicator.

10. Piglet's care

Piglets from birth to lactation period, must carry out iron agent injection, cut, cut the umbilical cord, castration, for piglets, it is necessary to work but will increase stress, and therefore careful care, prevent piglet pathogen invasion is important to reduce the diarrhea.

11. Health management

A diarrheal illness piglet, easily by the operator's hand, boots or needles to pathogen infect healthy piglets, so all of the used equipment, must through the appropriate cleaning and disinfection, to do the next use. To bear the operation treatment again healthy piglets diarrhea piglets.

12. The sow of epidemic prevention

Using the vaccine injection in sows 2-4 weeks before delivery, make the sow to produce antibodies, through the colostrum to the piglets, improve piglet resistance ability, can effectively reduce the occurrence of diarrhea.

13. Childbirth cleaning and disinfection of the bed

Delivery is often the place of pathogenic residual breeding bed, especially when used before a piglet diarrhea case occurs, the next batch of sows enter the shed before delivery, must be more to do a good job of cleaning and disinfection, otherwise the piglet diarrhea problems will always be constant.


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